Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 fatty acids) are polyunsaturated fatty acids that are primarily found in oily fish and certain nuts and seeds. It is also added as a supplement to other foods such as egg products.
Different formulations of Omega-3 fatty acids have been studied, the most common being eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
The typical dose range is:
3 to 9 gram per day of Omega-3, or
1 to 2 grams of EPA, plus 1 to 2 grams of DHA per day
For major depressive episodes, the typical duration of treatment ranges from 4 to 16 weeks.
Side Effects
Omega-3 supplements are generally well tolerated with only mild side effects, such as diarrhea, nausea, and a fishy aftertaste.
Drug-Drug Interactions
Patients on anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications may require additional monitoring, since Omega-3 has the ability to inhibit platelet aggregation and promote bleeding.