Acamprosate (Trade name: Campral), is a medication used along with psychotherapy to treat alcohol use disorder.
There is considerable difference in the efficacy of acamprosate between the US and Europe. Numerous European trials have found acamprosate significantly more effective than placebo in reducing drinking days, increasing complete abstinence, and lengthening time to relapse. Evidence from U.S. studies has been mixed.[1]
The mechanism of action of acamprosate not yet fully understood. It is believed to act as an NMDA receptor antagonist and positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptors.
Acamprosate should not be used by patients who have severe renal impairment. In mild to moderate renal impairment, acamprosate not be used as a first-line treatment and, if used, the dose be reduced compared with recommended doses in individuals with normal renal function.