- Last edited on April 30, 2020
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====== Epilepsy ====== | ====== Epilepsy ====== | ||
+ | {{INLINETOC}} | ||
===== Primer ===== | ===== Primer ===== | ||
**Epilepsy** is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures characterized by anywhere from brief and nearly undetectable periods to long periods of vigorous shaking. Epilepsy has significant psychiatric implications, in particular with psychosis. | **Epilepsy** is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures characterized by anywhere from brief and nearly undetectable periods to long periods of vigorous shaking. Epilepsy has significant psychiatric implications, in particular with psychosis. | ||
===== Diagnostic Criteria ===== | ===== Diagnostic Criteria ===== | ||
- | <callout type="success">{{fa>arrow-circle-right?color=green}} See main article: **[[neurology:approach-seizures]]**</callout> | + | <alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success"> |
- | A pratical definition of epilepsy is if the patient meets one of the following:[([[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24730690|Fisher, R. S., Acevedo, C., Arzimanoglou, A., Bogacz, A., Cross, J. H., Elger, C. E., ... & Hesdorffer, D. C. (2014). ILAE official report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy. Epilepsia, 55(4), 475-482.]])] | + | See main article: **[[neurology:approach-seizures]]** |
+ | </alert> | ||
+ | A practical definition of epilepsy is if the patient meets one of the following:[([[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24730690|Fisher, R. S., Acevedo, C., Arzimanoglou, A., Bogacz, A., Cross, J. H., Elger, C. E., ... & Hesdorffer, D. C. (2014). ILAE official report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy. Epilepsia, 55(4), 475-482.]])] | ||
- At least two unprovoked (or reflex) seizures occurring greater than 24 hours apart | - At least two unprovoked (or reflex) seizures occurring greater than 24 hours apart | ||
- One unprovoked (or reflex) seizure and a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk (at least 60%) after two unprovoked seizures, occurring over the next 10 years | - One unprovoked (or reflex) seizure and a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk (at least 60%) after two unprovoked seizures, occurring over the next 10 years | ||
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* [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20708951|de Oliveira, G. N. M., Kummer, A., Salgado, J. V., Portela, E. J., Sousa-Pereira, S. R., David, A. S., & Teixeira, A. L. (2010). Psychiatric disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy: an overview from a tertiary service in Brazil. Seizure, 19(8), 479-484.]] | * [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20708951|de Oliveira, G. N. M., Kummer, A., Salgado, J. V., Portela, E. J., Sousa-Pereira, S. R., David, A. S., & Teixeira, A. L. (2010). Psychiatric disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy: an overview from a tertiary service in Brazil. Seizure, 19(8), 479-484.]] | ||
+ | Epigastric or visceral aura is by far the commonest symptom of medial temporal lobe seizures.[([[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2605/|Panayiotopoulos CP. The Epilepsies: Seizures, Syndromes and Management. Oxfordshire (UK): Bladon Medical Publishing; 2005. Chapter 12, Symptomatic and Probably Symptomatic Focal Epilepsies: Topographical Symptomatology and Classification. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2605/]])] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Psychiatric Symptoms ===== | ||
+ | * [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5498258/|Berg, A. T., Altalib, H. H., & Devinsky, O. (2017). Psychiatric and behavioral comorbidities in epilepsy: a critical reappraisal. Epilepsia, 58(7), 1123-1130.]] | ||
+ | * [[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781118936979.ch19|Elliott, B., Amarouche, M., & Shorvon, S. D. (2009). Psychiatric features of epilepsy and their management. The treatment of epilepsy,, 273-287.]] | ||
===== Resources ===== | ===== Resources ===== | ||
* [[http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/schizophrenia/complex-partial-seizures-present-diagnostic-challenge|Restak, R. (1995). Complex partial seizures present diagnostic challenge. Psych. Times, 12(9), 1-6.]] | * [[http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/schizophrenia/complex-partial-seizures-present-diagnostic-challenge|Restak, R. (1995). Complex partial seizures present diagnostic challenge. Psych. Times, 12(9), 1-6.]] | ||
* [[https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/69/1/1|Toone, B. K. (2000). The psychoses of epilepsy.]] | * [[https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/69/1/1|Toone, B. K. (2000). The psychoses of epilepsy.]] |