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cl:neurosyphilis [on July 27, 2020]
cl:neurosyphilis [on July 27, 2020]
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 ==== History ==== ==== History ====
 Prior to the discovery of //Treponema pallidum// (the spirochete bacterium responsible for syphilis) by Japanese bacteriologist Hideyo Noguchi in 1913, neurosyphilis was termed //general paralysis of the insane// (GPI), and erroneously thought to be caused by characterological flaws.[([[https://​www.nature.com/​articles/​d41586-019-02476-w|Harrington,​ A. (2019). A tale of two disorders: syphilis, hysteria and the struggle to treat mental illness.]])] The identification of //T. pallidum// followed by the later discovery of penicillin and its use in the treatment of syphilis allowed for a curative treatment for GPI. Prior to this, GPI was fatal and it accounted for up to 30% of the primary diagnoses for patients in psychiatric hospitals.[([[https://​pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​3276007/​|Brandt,​ A. M. (1988). The syphilis epidemic and its relation to AIDS. Science, 239(4838), 375-380.]])] Prior to the discovery of //Treponema pallidum// (the spirochete bacterium responsible for syphilis) by Japanese bacteriologist Hideyo Noguchi in 1913, neurosyphilis was termed //general paralysis of the insane// (GPI), and erroneously thought to be caused by characterological flaws.[([[https://​www.nature.com/​articles/​d41586-019-02476-w|Harrington,​ A. (2019). A tale of two disorders: syphilis, hysteria and the struggle to treat mental illness.]])] The identification of //T. pallidum// followed by the later discovery of penicillin and its use in the treatment of syphilis allowed for a curative treatment for GPI. Prior to this, GPI was fatal and it accounted for up to 30% of the primary diagnoses for patients in psychiatric hospitals.[([[https://​pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​3276007/​|Brandt,​ A. M. (1988). The syphilis epidemic and its relation to AIDS. Science, 239(4838), 375-380.]])]
-===== Diagnosis ===== +
-  * [[https://​www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​pmc/​articles/​PMC4636106/​|Crozatti,​ L. L., de Brito, M. H., Lopes, B. N. A., & de Campos, F. P. F. (2015). Atypical behavioral and psychiatric symptoms: neurosyphilis should always be considered. Autopsy & case reports, 5(3), 43.]]+
 ===== Investigations ===== ===== Investigations =====
 <WRAP group> <WRAP group>