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geri:dementia:creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-cjd [on June 2, 2019]
 geri:dementia:creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-cjd [on April 30, 2020]
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 ====== Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) ====== ====== Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) ======
 +{{INLINETOC}}
 ===== Primer ===== ===== Primer =====
 **Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease** (CJD) is a rare, fatal, progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It affects about 1 in every 1 million people per year worldwide. CJD has a rapid course and usually appears in late life. There is a very short survival time, death usually occurs within one year of symptom onset. **Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease** (CJD) is a rare, fatal, progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It affects about 1 in every 1 million people per year worldwide. CJD has a rapid course and usually appears in late life. There is a very short survival time, death usually occurs within one year of symptom onset.
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 ===== Investigations ===== ===== Investigations =====
 ==== Neuroimaging ==== ==== Neuroimaging ====
-Prion disease is diagnosed with least one of the characteristic biomarker features: cortical ribboning or lesions on [[neurology:​investigations:​neuroimaging:​mri|magnetic resonance imaging]] with DWI (diffusion-weighted imaging)[([[https://​www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​pubmed/​26238299|Abdulmassih,​ R., & Min, Z. (2016). An ominous radiographic feature: cortical ribbon sign. Internal and emergency medicine, 11(2), 281-283.]])] or FLAIR (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery).+Prion disease is diagnosed with least one of the characteristic biomarker features: cortical ribboning or lesions on [[neurology:​mri|magnetic resonance imaging]] with DWI (diffusion-weighted imaging)[([[https://​www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​pubmed/​26238299|Abdulmassih,​ R., & Min, Z. (2016). An ominous radiographic feature: cortical ribbon sign. Internal and emergency medicine, 11(2), 281-283.]])] or FLAIR (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery).
  
 ==== Cerebrospinal Fluid ==== ==== Cerebrospinal Fluid ====
-Tau or 14-3-3 protein in [[neurology:​investigations:​lp|cerebrospinal fluid]] can be used to discriminate CJD from other neurodegenerative diseases.[([[https://​www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​pubmed/​16633900|Satoh,​ K., Shirabe, S., Eguchi, H., Tsujino, A., Eguchi, K., Satoh, A., ... & Matsuo, H. (2006). 14-3-3 protein, total tau and phosphorylated tau in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and neurodegenerative disease in Japan. Cellular and molecular neurobiology,​ 26(1), 45-52.]])]+Tau or 14-3-3 protein in [[neurology:​lumbar-puncture-lp|cerebrospinal fluid]] can be used to discriminate CJD from other neurodegenerative diseases.[([[https://​www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​pubmed/​16633900|Satoh,​ K., Shirabe, S., Eguchi, H., Tsujino, A., Eguchi, K., Satoh, A., ... & Matsuo, H. (2006). 14-3-3 protein, total tau and phosphorylated tau in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and neurodegenerative disease in Japan. Cellular and molecular neurobiology,​ 26(1), 45-52.]])]
  
 ==== EEG === ==== EEG ===
-Characteristic triphasic waves can be seen on [[neurology:​investigations:​eeg|electroencephalogram]].+Characteristic triphasic waves can be seen on [[neurology:​eeg|electroencephalogram]].