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geri:parkinsons [on September 8, 2022]
psychdb [Motor]
geri:parkinsons [on March 29, 2023]
psychdb ↷ Links adapted because of a move operation
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 ===== Signs and Symptoms ===== ===== Signs and Symptoms =====
 ==== Prodrome ==== ==== Prodrome ====
-  * Often, patients may have prodromal symptoms that occur decades before the classic symptoms present. This includes [[sleep:​parasomnias:​rls|restless legs]], [[sleep:​parasomnias:​2-rem-sleep-disorder:​home|REM sleep behaviour disorders]] (always think about Parkinson'​s or Lewy Body Dementia in the patients!), autonomic dysfunction,​ [[sleep:​breathing:​1-osa|obstructive sleep apnea]], and late onset [[mood:​1-depression:​home|depression]]. Loss of smell (hyposmia) is an important preclinical sign of PD as well.[([[https://​pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​15293269/​|Ponsen,​ M. M., Stoffers, D., Booij, J., van Eck‐Smit, B. L., Wolters, E. C., & Berendse, H. W. (2004). Idiopathic hyposmia as a preclinical sign of Parkinson'​s disease. Annals of Neurology: Official Journal of the American Neurological Association and the Child Neurology Society, 56(2), 173-181.]])]+  * Often, patients may have prodromal symptoms that occur decades before the classic symptoms present. This includes [[sleep:​rls|restless legs]], [[sleep:​parasomnias:​2-rem-sleep-disorder:​home|REM sleep behaviour disorders]] (always think about Parkinson'​s or Lewy Body Dementia in the patients!), autonomic dysfunction,​ [[sleep:​breathing:​1-osa|obstructive sleep apnea]], and late onset [[mood:​1-depression:​home|depression]]. Loss of smell (hyposmia) is an important preclinical sign of PD as well.[([[https://​pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​15293269/​|Ponsen,​ M. M., Stoffers, D., Booij, J., van Eck‐Smit, B. L., Wolters, E. C., & Berendse, H. W. (2004). Idiopathic hyposmia as a preclinical sign of Parkinson'​s disease. Annals of Neurology: Official Journal of the American Neurological Association and the Child Neurology Society, 56(2), 173-181.]])]
   * Early signs of Parkinson'​s may include:​[([[https://​www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​pmc/​articles/​PMC2891710/​|Fénelon,​ G., Soulas, T., Zenasni, F., & De Langavant, L. C. (2010). The changing face of Parkinson'​s disease‐associated psychosis: a cross‐sectional study based on the new NINDS‐NIMH criteria. Movement Disorders, 25(6), 763-766.]])]   * Early signs of Parkinson'​s may include:​[([[https://​www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/​pmc/​articles/​PMC2891710/​|Fénelon,​ G., Soulas, T., Zenasni, F., & De Langavant, L. C. (2010). The changing face of Parkinson'​s disease‐associated psychosis: a cross‐sectional study based on the new NINDS‐NIMH criteria. Movement Disorders, 25(6), 763-766.]])]
     * Visual illusions (misinterpretations of a real external stimulus )     * Visual illusions (misinterpretations of a real external stimulus )