Differences

Last edited on June 25, 2023

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- geri:parkinsons [on March 29, 2023]
psychdb ↷ Links adapted because of a move operation
+++ geri:parkinsons [on April 23, 2023]
psychdb [Prodrome]
@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{INLINETOC}}
 ===== Primer =====
-**Parkinson's disease (PD)** is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Although historically considered a motor disorder, there are many neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with the disease, and the majority of diagnoses will progress to [[geri:dementia:parkinsons|]].
+**Parkinson's disease (PD)** is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by a loss of dopaminergic innervation in the basal ganglia leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. Although historically considered a motor disorder, there are many neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with the disease, and the majority of diagnoses will progress to [[geri:dementia:parkinsons|]].
 == Epidemiology ==
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 ===== Signs and Symptoms =====
 ==== Prodrome ====
-  * Often, patients may have prodromal symptoms that occur decades before the classic symptoms present. This includes [[sleep:rls|restless legs]], [[sleep:parasomnias:2-rem-sleep-disorder:home|REM sleep behaviour disorders]] (always think about Parkinson's or Lewy Body Dementia in the patients!), autonomic dysfunction, [[sleep:breathing:1-osa|obstructive sleep apnea]], and late onset [[mood:1-depression:home|depression]]. Loss of smell (hyposmia) is an important preclinical sign of PD as well.[([[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15293269/|Ponsen, M. M., Stoffers, D., Booij, J., van Eck‐Smit, B. L., Wolters, E. C., & Berendse, H. W. (2004). Idiopathic hyposmia as a preclinical sign of Parkinson's disease. Annals of Neurology: Official Journal of the American Neurological Association and the Child Neurology Society, 56(2), 173-181.]])]
+  * Often, patients may have prodromal symptoms that occur decades before the classic symptoms present. The most common being [[sleep:parasomnias:2-rem-sleep-disorder:home|REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD)]], autonomic dysfunction, [[sleep:breathing:1-osa|obstructive sleep apnea]], and late onset [[mood:1-depression:home|depression]].
+  * Loss of smell (hyposmia) can be an early sign of PD as well.[([[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15293269/|Ponsen, M. M., Stoffers, D., Booij, J., van Eck‐Smit, B. L., Wolters, E. C., & Berendse, H. W. (2004). Idiopathic hyposmia as a preclinical sign of Parkinson's disease. Annals of Neurology: Official Journal of the American Neurological Association and the Child Neurology Society, 56(2), 173-181.]])]
   * Early signs of Parkinson's may include:[([[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2891710/|Fénelon, G., Soulas, T., Zenasni, F., & De Langavant, L. C. (2010). The changing face of Parkinson's disease‐associated psychosis: a cross‐sectional study based on the new NINDS‐NIMH criteria. Movement Disorders, 25(6), 763-766.]])]
     * Visual illusions (misinterpretations of a real external stimulus )