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geri:stroke [on March 17, 2018] |
geri:stroke [on August 17, 2023] (current) psychdb |
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+ | ====== Stroke ====== | ||
+ | {{INLINETOC}} | ||
+ | ===== Primer ===== | ||
+ | A **stroke** (also called a cerebrovascular accident, CVA) is an acute disturbance of the cerebral perfusion or vasculature. Approximately 85% of strokes are ischemic (blockage of a vessel) and remainder are hemorrhagic. Post-stroke, individuals are at risk for developing neuropsychiatric syndromes such as [[mood:1-depression:post-stroke|post-stroke depression]] and pseudobulbar affect. | ||
+ | ===== Approach ===== | ||
+ | <alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success">See main article: **[[neurology:approach-stroke|]]**</alert> | ||
+ | |||
+ | For a detailed approach to diagnosing, managing, and follow up of stroke presentations, see the above main article. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Post-stroke Depression (PSD) ===== | ||
+ | <alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success"> | ||
+ | See main article: **[[mood:1-depression:post-stroke|]]** | ||
+ | </alert> | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Following a stroke, the onset of depression can be acute, usually occurring within 1 day or a few days of the cerebrovascular accident (CVA).[(American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA.)] | ||
+ | * Approximately 33% of stroke survivors develop PSD at some point, with the frequency being highest in the first year of stroke (and declines thereafter). | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Pseudobulbar affect ===== | ||
+ | <alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success"> | ||
+ | See main article: **[[teaching:pseudobulbar-affect|]]** | ||
+ | </alert> | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Pseudobulbar affect (PBA)** (also known as emotional lability, reflex crying or laughing, emotional incontinence, and involuntary emotional expression disorder) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome common in neurological disorders including stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, dementia, Wilson’s disease, and brain tumors. PBA is //not// a mood disorder, but rather an abnormal display of affect that does not match an individual’s true (internal) feelings. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Other Syndromes ===== | ||
+ | ==== Akinetic Mutism ==== | ||
+ | * [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14642361/|Nagaratnam, N., Nagaratnam, K., Ng, K., & Diu, P. (2004). Akinetic mutism following stroke. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 11(1), 25-30.]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms ==== | ||
+ | <alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success"> | ||
+ | See main article: **[[ocd:z-other-oc-medical|]]** | ||
+ | </alert> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Guidelines ===== | ||
+ | <alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success">See also: **[[teaching:clinical-practice-guidelines-cpg|]]**</alert> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{page>teaching:clinical-practice-guidelines-cpg#stroke&nouser&noheader&nodate&nofooter}} |