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sleep:5-circadian-rhythm-sleep-wake-disorders [on June 10, 2018] |
sleep:5-circadian-rhythm-sleep-wake-disorders [on May 19, 2019] |
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| + | ====== Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders ====== | ||
| + | {{INLINETOC}} | ||
| + | ===== Primer ===== | ||
| + | **Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders** all involve a problem in the timing of when an individual sleeps and is awake. The human body has a master circadian clock in a control centre of the brain known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Diagnostic Criteria ===== | ||
| + | <WRAP group> | ||
| + | <WRAP half column> | ||
| + | == Criterion A == | ||
| + | A persistent or recurrent pattern of sleep disruption that is primarily due to an alteration of the circadian system or to a misalignment between the endogenous circadian rhythm and the sleep-wake schedule required by an individual’s physical environment or social or professional schedule. | ||
| + | </WRAP> | ||
| + | <WRAP half column> | ||
| + | == Criterion B == | ||
| + | The sleep disruption leads to excessive sleepiness or insomnia, or both. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Criterion C == | ||
| + | The sleep disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, and other important areas of functioning. | ||
| + | </WRAP></WRAP> | ||
| + | ===== Specifiers ===== | ||
| + | <WRAP group> | ||
| + | <WRAP half column> | ||
| + | ==== Delayed sleep phase type ==== | ||
| + | A pattern of delayed sleep onset and awakening times, with an inability to fall asleep and awaken at a desired or convention ally acceptable earlier time. | ||
| + | * **Familial**: A family history of delayed sleep phase is present. | ||
| + | * **Overlapping with non-24-hour sleep-wake type**: Delayed sleep phase type may overlap with another circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder, non-24-hour sleep-wake type. | ||
| + | ==== Advanced sleep phase type ==== | ||
| + | A pattern of advanced sleep onset and awakening times, with an inability to remain awake or asleep until the desired or conventionally acceptable later sleep or wake times. | ||
| + | * **Familial**: A family history of advanced sleep phase is present. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Irregular sleep-wake type==== | ||
| + | A temporally disorganized sleep-wake pattern, such that the timing of sleep and wake periods is variable throughout the 24- hour period. | ||
| + | </WRAP> | ||
| + | <WRAP half column> | ||
| + | ====Non-24-hour sleep-wake type==== | ||
| + | A pattern of sleep-wake cycles that is not synchronized to the 24-hour environment, with a consistent daily drift (usually to later and later times) of sleep onset and wake times. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Shift work type==== | ||
| + | Insomnia during the major sleep period and/or excessive sleepiness (including inadvertent sleep) during the major awake period associated with a shift work schedule (i.e., requiring unconventional work hours). | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Unspecified type==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Severity Specifier == | ||
| + | **Specify if:** | ||
| + | * **Episodic**: Symptoms last at least 1 month but less than 3 months. | ||
| + | * **Persistent**: Symptoms last 3 months or longer. | ||
| + | * **Recurrent**: Two or more episodes occur within the space of 1 year. | ||
| + | </WRAP></WRAP> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Treatment ===== | ||
| + | While light therapy and melatonin can help, it is more effective and ethical to lobby for developmentally appropriate polices for school hours. | ||
| + | ===== Resources ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP group> | ||
| + | <WRAP quarter column> | ||
| + | ==== For Patients ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | </WRAP> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP quarter column> | ||
| + | ==== For Providers ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | </WRAP> | ||
| + | <WRAP quarter column> | ||
| + | == Articles == | ||
| + | |||
| + | </WRAP> | ||
| + | <WRAP quarter column> | ||
| + | == Research == | ||
| + | |||
| + | </WRAP> | ||
| + | </WRAP> | ||