- Last edited on April 30, 2020
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teaching:biomarkers [on April 12, 2020] |
teaching:biomarkers [on October 17, 2023] (current) psychdb [Depression] |
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====== History of Psychiatric Biomarkers ====== | ====== History of Psychiatric Biomarkers ====== | ||
+ | {{INLINETOC}} | ||
===== Primer ===== | ===== Primer ===== | ||
- | The search for biomarkers to identify has long been the holy-grail of psychiatry. What is the status of the research and where are we now? The advent of the DSM-5 was suppose to be a new chapter in psychiatry where biomarkers and lab tests would aid in the diagnosis and treatment. However, that has not panned out. | + | **Biomarkers** in psychiatric disorders long been the "holy grail" of psychiatry. What is the status of the research and where are we now? The advent of the DSM-5 was suppose to be a new chapter in psychiatry where biomarkers and lab tests would aid in the diagnosis and treatment. However, that has not panned out. |
+ | |||
+ | ===== Challenges ===== | ||
+ | <alert type="info" icon="fa fa-book fa-lg fa-fw"> | ||
+ | See also: **[[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144621000022|Aftab, A., & Sharma, M. (2021). How Not to Think about Biomarkers in Psychiatry: Challenges and Conceptual Pitfalls.]]** | ||
+ | </alert> | ||
===== Depression ===== | ===== Depression ===== | ||
+ | <alert type="info" icon="fa fa-book fa-lg fa-fw"> | ||
+ | See also: **[[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23814152/|Carroll, B. J. (2013). Biomarkers in DSM-5: lost in translation. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 47(7), 676-678.]]** | ||
+ | </alert> | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31745238/|Kennis, M., Gerritsen, L., van Dalen, M., Williams, A., Cuijpers, P., & Bockting, C. (2019). Prospective biomarkers of major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Molecular psychiatry, 1-18.]] | ||
+ | * [[https://awaisaftab.substack.com/p/dexamethasone-suppression-test-the|Aftab, A. (2023) Dexamethasone Suppression Test - The OG Psychiatric Biomarker]] | ||
==== Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST) ==== | ==== Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST) ==== | ||
+ | * [[https://global.oup.com/academic/product/endocrine-psychiatry-9780199737468|Shorter, Edward, and Max Fink. Endocrine psychiatry: Solving the riddle of melancholia. Oxford University Press, 2010.]] | ||
+ | * [[https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/endocrine-psychiatry-dexamethasone-suppression-test-and-electroconvulsive-therapy|Kellner, C. H. (2011). Endocrine psychiatry: the dexamethasone suppression test and electroconvulsive therapy. Psychiatric Times, 28(3), 57-57.]] | ||
* [[https://www.thestar.com/life/health_wellness/2014/11/04/the_severe_form_of_depression_you_may_not_know_about.html|Toronto Star: The severe form of depression you may not know about]] | * [[https://www.thestar.com/life/health_wellness/2014/11/04/the_severe_form_of_depression_you_may_not_know_about.html|Toronto Star: The severe form of depression you may not know about]] | ||
- | * [[https://global.oup.com/academic/product/endocrine-psychiatry-9780199737468?cc=id&lang=en&|Shorter, Edward, and Max Fink. Endocrine psychiatry: Solving the riddle of melancholia. Oxford University Press, 2010.]] | ||
===== Schizophrenia ===== | ===== Schizophrenia ===== | ||
- | [[https://www.hindawi.com/journals/dm/2013/510402/|Cynthia S. Weickert, Thomas W. Weickert, Anil Pillai, and Peter F. Buckley, “Biomarkers in Schizophrenia: A Brief Conceptual Consideration,” Disease Markers, vol. 35, no. 1, Article ID 510402, 7 pages, 2013. ]] | + | * [[https://www.hindawi.com/journals/dm/2013/510402/|Cynthia S. Weickert et al. “Biomarkers in Schizophrenia: A Brief Conceptual Consideration,” Disease Markers, vol. 35, no. 1, Article ID 510402, 7 pages, 2013. ]] |
+ | ===== Actual Biomarkers ===== | ||
+ | There are in fact already validated "biomarkers" in psychiatry for several neuropsychiatric disorders, including: | ||
+ | * [[child:genetic-disorders:digeorge-syndrome-22q11.2-22q-deletion|]] and its association with schizophrenia | ||
+ | * [[sleep:4-narcolepsy|]] and the hypocretin (orexin) deficiency on CSF | ||
+ | * Dementias such as [[geri:dementia:alzheimers|]] and [[geri:dementia:creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-cjd|]] | ||
===== Resources ===== | ===== Resources ===== | ||