Differences

Last edited on February 7, 2022

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- cl:psychiatric-side-effects-of-medications [on April 17, 2019]
+++ cl:psychiatric-side-effects-of-medications [on February 7, 2022]
psychdb [Offending Agents]
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== Psychiatric Side Effects of Medications and Substances ======
+{{INLINETOC}}
 ===== Primer =====
-Medications and recreational substances can have profound psychiatric symptoms for patients.
+Medications and recreational substances can sometimes induce psychiatric syndromes, including depression, anxiety, mania/hypomania, sleep, and cognitive impairment. Thus, it is important to ensure that these iatrogenic effects are not mistaken for a "primary" psychiatric disorder.
-== Medications with Depression as a Side Effect ==
+===== Offending Agents =====
-  * [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181628/|Tango, R. C. (2003). Psychiatric side effects of medications prescribed in internal medicine. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 5(2), 155.]]
+  * Individuals may experience changes in mood, cognition, memory, or behaviour during glucocorticoid treatment or withdrawal.[([[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25272344|Judd, L. L., Schettler, P. J., Brown, E. S., Wolkowitz, O. M., Sternberg, E. M., Bender, B. G., ... & Joëls, M. (2014). Adverse consequences of glucocorticoid medication: psychological, cognitive, and behavioral effects. American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(10), 1045-1051.]])]
-  * [[https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2684607|Qato, D. M., Ozenberger, K., & Olfson, M. (2018). Prevalence of Prescription Medications With Depression as a Potential Adverse Effect Among Adults in the United States. JAMA, 319(22), 2289-2298.]]
+    * Severe neuropsychiatric sequelae including suicide, suicide attempts, psychosis, mania, depression, panic disorder, delirium, confusion, and disorientation have also been reported.[([[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25272344|Judd, L. L., Schettler, P. J., Brown, E. S., Wolkowitz, O. M., Sternberg, E. M., Bender, B. G., ... & Joëls, M. (2014). Adverse consequences of glucocorticoid medication: psychological, cognitive, and behavioral effects. American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(10), 1045-1051.]])]
+===== Cognition =====
+The diagnosis for a **Substance/Medication-Induced Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder** is as follows:
+<WRAP group>
+<WRAP half column>
+== Criterion A ==
+The criteria are met for major or mild neurocognitive disorder.
+== Criterion B ==
+The neurocognitive impairments do not occur exclusively during the course of a delirium and persist beyond the usual duration of intoxication and acute withdrawal.
+== Criterion C ==
+The involved substance or medication and duration and extent of use are capable of producing the neurocognitive impairment.
+== Criterion D ==
+The temporal course of the neurocognitive deficits is consistent with the timing of substance or medication use and abstinence (e.g., the deficits remain stable or improve after a period of abstinence).
+</WRAP>
+<WRAP half column>
+== Criterion E ==
+The neurocognitive disorder is not attributable to another medical condition or is not better explained by another mental disorder
+== Specifiers ==
+<accordion collapsed="false">
+<panel icon="fa fa-search-plus" size="xs" title="Substance Specifier">
+  * Alcohol (major neurocognitive disorder), nonamnestic-confabulatory type
+  * Alcohol (major neurocognitive disorder), amnestic-confabulatory type
+  * Alcohol (mild neurocognitive disorder)
+  * Inhalant (major neurocognitive disorder)
+  * Inhalant (mild neurocognitive disorder)
+  * Sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic (major neurocognitive disorder)
+  * Sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic (mild neurocognitive disorder)
+  * Other (or unknown) substance (major neurocognitive disorder)
+  * Other (or unknown) substance (mild neurocognitive disorder)
+</panel>
+<panel icon="fa fa-search-plus" size="xs" title="Other Specifier">
+**Specify if:**
+  * Persistent: neurocognitive impairment continues to be significant after an extended period of abstinence.
+</panel>
+</accordion>
+</WRAP>
+</WRAP>
+===== Depression =====
+<alert type="info" icon="fa fa-book fa-lg fa-fw">
+See also:
+  * **[[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181628/|Tango, R. C. (2003). Psychiatric side effects of medications prescribed in internal medicine. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 5(2), 155.]]**
+  * **[[https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2684607|Qato, D. M., Ozenberger, K., & Olfson, M. (2018). Prevalence of Prescription Medications With Depression as a Potential Adverse Effect Among Adults in the United States. JAMA, 319(22), 2289-2298.]]**
+</alert>
+<alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success">
+See main article: **[[mood:substance-medication|]]**
+</alert>
+===== Mania/Hypomania =====
+<alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success">
+See main article: **[[bipolar:substance-medication|]]**
+</alert>
+===== Anxiety =====
+<alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success">
+See main article: **[[anxiety:substance-medication|]]**
+</alert>
+===== Sleep =====
+<alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success">
+See main article: **[[sleep:substance-medication|]]**
+</alert>
+===== Sexual Dysfunction =====
+<alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success">
+See main article: **[[sexual-dysfunctions:substance-medication|]]**
+</alert>