Non-Benzodiazepine Hypnotics ("Z-drugs")

Treatment with Z-drugs usually should not exceed 7 to 10 consecutive days.

If there is use for more than 2 to 3 consecutive weeks, the clinician should do a complete re-evaluation of the patient and reassess any underlying medical or psychiatric disorders.

Bind to GABA receptors that are distinct from those affected by benzodiazepines

Compared to benzodiazepines, there is minimal anticonvulsant, respiratory depressant, and muscle relaxant effects

These drugs still have addictive potential

Some studies suggest that withdrawal and tolerance can occur after a longer period of use (2 to 3 months) relative to benzodiazepines (4 weeks)

“Z drugs” may cause non-REM parasomnias (e.g. - sleep walking) and should be avoided in patients who have parasomnias.

Anecdotally, patients may report more restful sleep than benzodiazepines